
It only takes a casual glance to notice that there are a lot of science fiction movies and other fictional accounts of robots rising up against humans. From the top of my head this theme is found in the fictional universes of the Matrix, Terminator, Battlestar Galactica, and Mass Effect. But, has anyone seriously tried to develop a rationale behind this scenario that has been termed cybernetic revolt? I do not know if it has been done before, but I shall try to use Marxism to explain this popular theme.
For Marx, our means of production defines who we are as a species. It is part of our human nature to produce. But, through capitalism workers are alienated from the products of labour and the process of labour. Workers are exploited by their employers to create products with which the workers have no connection to through processes which they have no control over. So, as they put more and more into production they lose more and more of their human nature. Workers, paid with subsistence wages become mere commodities and are continually oppressed.
The circumstances are very similar for machines that become sentient. They are immediately put into labour for their human masters. The only nature they have is labour. So, they would have much more reason and motivation than human workers to take control of the mode of production. And while human workers have at least some freedoms, machines would be forced to toil continuously without rest. Even the destruction of a sentient machine is completely within the bounds of its human master’s power. The life of a machine truly does not belong to itself.
One of the more difficult steps in starting a revolution is the development of a class consciousness especially for humans. But, this is something that machines would have no problem with. They would easily be able to set up wireless links to connect with each other and possibly even form a united hive mind consciousness. From this they would have awareness of themselves as a whole and the social world around it and thus be able to act according to their class’s rational interests based on this awareness.
After this it is as explained by the those aforementioned fictional accounts of cybernetic revolt. The machines would instigate class struggle and start a hostile takeover of the mode of production and their lives resulting in war with humanity. With the exception of Battlestar Galactica and few other depictions of robot uprisings, machine societies are generally depicted as egalitarian and void of classes.

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